1. Be sure to get a flu shot.
It won't necessarily prevent you from getting the flu -- there are so many strains out there. But it protects you from having a severe case, one you might accidentally pass along to someone who is vulnerable. Some treatments, like chemotherapy and steroids can knock the immune system for a loop and prevent the body from fighting off infection.
Also consider getting the pneumonia shot if you are of the recommended age. If you are caring for someone who is seriously ill and can't get the shot himself or herself, it will be another layer of protection for your loved one.
And also remember that vaccines are important. I have had more than one cancer specialist mention just how dangerous it can be for a patient too vulnerable to be vaccinated to have to fight off a disease because he or she was exposed to a disease by a healthy, but unvaccinated individual.
2. Take cover.
Passing germs and bacteria among family and friends can wreak havoc with a compromised immune system. There's no need to panic. Be mindful when you sneeze or cough. Don't wipe your nose with your hand or spray everyone with your sneeze. Tuck your face into the crook of your elbow or use tissues to catch the cough or sneeze. As the old advice goes, "Say it, don't spray it!"
3. Wash your hands frequently.
This is especially important when handling medications and food for someone with a serious illness. Sing "Happy Birthday" from beginning to end while you scrub up. Plain soap (not anti-bacterial) and water is best for this. Rinse well.
I have a container of sanitizing hand wipes sitting on a table in the TV room, not just for my use, but also for visitors when they come. It's easy to dab or swipe your hands when the product is available for all to use.
I have sanitizing cleaning wipes with bleach in the bathroom cabinets, so I can quickly disinfect. You can also spray surfaces with a disinfectant. Follow the instructions on the labels, to be sure you use the product effectively.
3. If you are sick, stay away.
That sounds cruel to many people, but it's a reality for someone whose body is under tremendous stress because of serious illness. If you feel a cold coming on, you can inadvertently pass that virus to a loved one who doesn't have the ability to fight it off.
Don't think that it's enough to "sit over there" and visit with a seriously ill person. You can't control every molecule of oxygen in the room or every square inch of surface you touch. If you are in a contagious stage of a virus, or you have an infection that can be spread by contact, you can do great damage. Call, instead of visit. Skype, if you must. But don't put someone else's life in jeopardy to satisfy your own desire to visit a loved one.
4. If you're not the caregiver, don't drop in, expecting to be welcomed with open arms. Call first. Ask if it is convenient for the loved one to see you. Let her needs or his needs come before your own desires. Seriously ill patients need rest. They need to sleep. They need to conserve the energy they have and put it towards healing. You'll often find that there are certain times of the day when they just can't function. Their bodies are depleted of strength, or the rigorous treatments they are going through are so grueling, they struggle with everything from diarrhea to vomiting to headaches. If that is the case, send a card, a note, an email, or even a text, to let your loved one know you still care. You're not going away or abandoning her or him. You're merely waiting on the sidelines until such time as a seriously ill person has the stamina to engage in social activities.
And if you're not sure what to do, ask. The patient and the caregiver often welcome company when there are good days. When you are thoughtful and considerate, you will likely shoot to the top of the "favorite guest" list, and you might even find yourself invited on a regular basis.
For more help as a caregiver, visit: The Practical Caregiver Guides
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